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SL all-party govt should seek India's support: Peace envoy Solheim
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Vishal Gulati (Source: IANS) | 11 Jul, 2022
The people of Sri Lanka have bravely taken the first important step --
to dismiss the incompetent and corrupt Rajapaksa family dynasty that
brought the crisis upon the land. Now it is time to establish an
all-party interim government that calls upon friendly nations like India
to provide financial support, said Erik Solheim, Norwegian peace
mediator in the 30-year-long Sri Lanka civil war.
In an
exclusive virtual interview, former UN Environment Programme executive
director Solheim told IANS that after establishing an all-party
government it will start negotiations with the international financial
institutions and call upon friendly governments like India, China, Japan
and the West to provide financial support.
"Deep economic reforms will be a necessary part of the process," he said.
Solheim,
who acted as the main facilitator of the peace process in Sri Lanka
from 1998 to 2005, said no one should blame the island nation for
purchasing oil wherever it can get it, including from Russia.
Sri
Lanka's civil war ended in 2009, with the killing of Liberation Tigers
of Tamil Eelam (LTTE) leader Velupillai Prabhakaran, who met Solheim
more often than any other foreigner and persuaded him to enter a peace
process and succeeded.
To a question: What is next for Sri Lanka
that is facing its worst economic crisis with high inflation and rising
and critically low level of foreign reserves?
Solheim, who has
contributed to peace processes in Sudan, Nepal, Myanmar and Burundi too,
replied, "After an initial phase of an all-party interim government,
the next step will be elections for a new Parliament.
"The Sri
Lankan revolution has been largely leaderless, so the people of Sri
Lanka are likely to elect into power already well known opposition
leaders. The current leader of the opposition Sajith Premadasa and the
foremost Tamil politician in Sri Lanka, M.A. Sumanthiran, are likely
leaders to steer Sri Lanka out of the crisis and back to normalcy."
Responding
to a question that the country might face a severe hunger challenge,
Solheim replied, "No one should underestimate the debt of the economic
crisis in Sri Lanka.
"The suffering of both poor people and the
middle class is immense. People and businesses cannot get transport.
There is a huge shortage of basically everything. Hopefully a hunger
crisis can be avoided. Sri Lanka is a very fertile place with
industrious people."
For India, what does the crisis mean?
At this, he said there was never any love between India and the Rajapaksas.
"After
the overwhelming military victory over the Tamil Tigers in 2009, the
Rajapaksa government constantly dismissed Indian advice to amend the
constitution and share power and recognition with the minorities,
particularly the Tamils.
"Rajapaksa followed a chauvinistic
ethnic policy centralising decisions in Colombo, very different from the
Indian federal model. Through this chauvinism, they also wasted large
resources on military spending, money which would have been dearly
needed to avoid the present economic crisis."
Solheim, the
president of the Belt and Road Initiative Green Development Institute,
told IANS it is completely unfair to blame China for the problems caused
by the mismanagement of the Rajapaksa governments.
"Sri Lanka
has much larger debt to the west than to China. China constructed roads
and ports at the request of the legitimate Sri Lankan government of the
time."
"But Sri Lankans should usefully look at the map. India is
their only neighbour, a boat ride away. India is also a family -- the
same ethnicities, religions, languages, food. India will always be the
main international partner for Sri Lanka. China, the US and others are
next in line," said the senior advisor of the World Resources Institute
(WRI).
To a question: How and when did the government of Norway
decide to mediate in Sri Lanka? At that time, were you acceptable to New
Delhi too?
Solheim replied, "Norway was asked in 1998 by then
president of Sri Lanka Chandrika Kumaratunga and the leader of the
Tigers, Prabhakaran to mediate in the civil war.
"We played that
role for close to 10 years. India throughout gave full support to the
peace process and encouraged us to continue. We kept India informed and
asked advice on even the smallest step. I am still very sad that at the
end we were unsuccessful."
"I believe Sri Lanka would have been in a much better place today if the peace process had succeeded," Solheim concluded.
(Vishal Gulati can be contacted at vishal.g@ians.in)
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