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India ranked world's top exporter of ICT
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Arul Louis | 17 Aug, 2016
India has been ranked the world's top exporter of information and
communication technology (ICT) in a UN agency report that recommended that the
country leverage this lead to innovate in emerging areas where biology
and materials sciences intersect with computing. Overall,
India leapt 14 places from the 85th rank last year to the 61st in the
latest Global Innovation Index (GII) released in Geneva by the World
Intellectual Property Organisation (WIPO) in partnership with the
Confederation of Indian Industry (CII) on Monday.
India ranked
8th in the world for producing graduates in science and engineering and
showed the most significant improvements in human capital and research
moving up 40 places to 63.
WIPO, a specialised agency of the UN,
worked also with Cornell University and INSEAD, the international
business school, to prepare the ninth edition of the index.
In a
nod to India's "jugaad" tradition of innovation, the report said that
its culture of "frugality and sustainability" can help it capture global
markets.
"For this to happen, however, India's industries need
to have the hunger to be at the top of the value chain, its customers
have to be more demanding, its policies have to be more transparent, and
its talent pool has to get more hands-on experience while
simultaneously growing to leverage the global talent pool," the report
said.
WIPO quoted CII Director General Chandrajit Banerjee as
saying: "The commitment of India to innovation and improved innovation
metrics is strong and growing, helping to improve the innovation
environment. This trend will help gradually lift India closer to other
top-ranked innovation economies."
Areas where India is lagging include the business environment, where it is ranked 117, and education at the 118th spot.
To
leapfrog into the emerging areas that combine biology, computing and
material sciences, the report recommended that the industry double its
research and development (R&D) investment and the government provide
R&D grants to industry.
"Investing in innovation is critical
to raising long-term economic growth," WIPO Director-General Francis
Gurry said while presenting the report. "In this current economic
climate, uncovering new sources of growth and leveraging the
opportunities raised by global innovation are priorities for all
stakeholders."
Another recommendation was to developing the
research capabilities of universities. "Industry and government should
team up with universities to create meaningful graduate research
programmes utilizing global collaboration models where appropriate," the
report said.
In these emerging fields, the report said:
"Applications include developing sustainable fuels for transportation,
predicting and preventing disease, determining ways to improve wellness,
and delivering better nutrition" - areas that meet immediate needs of
India.
The report cited the US-India Strategic and Commercial
Dialogue as initiatives that had the potential for bilateral funding of
R&D.
Among innovators in India measured by the number of
patents obtained in the last five years, Infosys led with 281; it was
followed by TCS with 244, Ranbaxy 196, Wockhardt 160, and SunPharma 84.
During
this period, about 2,000 patents received by GE had Indian inventors,
the report said. IBM came next with Indians involved in nearly 1,900
patents.
Overall, Switzerland ranked first globally as the most
innovative economy on the index. It was followed by Sweden, Britain, the
United States, Finland and Singapore. China for the first time muscled
its way into the ranks of the top 25, just landing the spot.
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